Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Research Report with Opportunities and Strategies to Boost Growth- COVID-19 Impact and Recovery

Table of Content

1 Market Overview

• 1.1 Product Definition and Market Characteristics
• 1.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Size
• 1.3 Market Segmentation
• 1.4 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
• 1.5 SWOT Analysis

2. Market Dynamics

• 2.1 Market Drivers
• 2.2 Market Constraints and Challenges
• 2.3 Emerging Market Trends
• 2.4 Impact of COVID-19
  • 2.4.1 Short-term Impact
  • 2.4.2 Long-term Impact

3 Associated Industry Assessment

• 3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
• 3.2 Industry Active Participants
  • 3.2.1 Suppliers of Raw Materials
  • 3.2.2 Key Distributors/Retailers
• 3.3 Alternative Analysis
• 3.4 The Impact of Covid-19 From the Perspective of Industry Chain

4 Market Competitive Landscape

• 4.1 Industry Leading Players
• 4.2 Industry News
  • 4.2.1 Key Product Launch News
  • 4.2.2 M&A and Expansion Plans

5 Analysis of Leading Companies

• 5.1 LXRandCo
  • 5.1.1 LXRandCo Company Profile
  • 5.1.2 LXRandCo Business Overview
  • 5.1.3 LXRandCo Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.1.4 LXRandCo Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.2 REBELLE
  • 5.2.1 REBELLE Company Profile
  • 5.2.2 REBELLE Business Overview
  • 5.2.3 REBELLE Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.2.4 REBELLE Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.3 Style Tribute
  • 5.3.1 Style Tribute Company Profile
  • 5.3.2 Style Tribute Business Overview
  • 5.3.3 Style Tribute Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.3.4 Style Tribute Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.4 Vestiaire Collective
  • 5.4.1 Vestiaire Collective Company Profile
  • 5.4.2 Vestiaire Collective Business Overview
  • 5.4.3 Vestiaire Collective Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.4.4 Vestiaire Collective Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.5 Tradesy
  • 5.5.1 Tradesy Company Profile
  • 5.5.2 Tradesy Business Overview
  • 5.5.3 Tradesy Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.5.4 Tradesy Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.6 The RealReal, Inc
  • 5.6.1 The RealReal, Inc Company Profile
  • 5.6.2 The RealReal, Inc Business Overview
  • 5.6.3 The RealReal, Inc Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.6.4 The RealReal, Inc Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.7 The Luxury Closet
  • 5.7.1 The Luxury Closet Company Profile
  • 5.7.2 The Luxury Closet Business Overview
  • 5.7.3 The Luxury Closet Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.7.4 The Luxury Closet Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.8 Collector square
  • 5.8.1 Collector square Company Profile
  • 5.8.2 Collector square Business Overview
  • 5.8.3 Collector square Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.8.4 Collector square Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.9 Fashion Phile
  • 5.9.1 Fashion Phile Company Profile
  • 5.9.2 Fashion Phile Business Overview
  • 5.9.3 Fashion Phile Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.9.4 Fashion Phile Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction
• 5.10 Chrono24 GmbH
  • 5.10.1 Chrono24 GmbH Company Profile
  • 5.10.2 Chrono24 GmbH Business Overview
  • 5.10.3 Chrono24 GmbH Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  • 5.10.4 Chrono24 GmbH Pre-owned Luxury Watches Products Introduction

6 Market Analysis and Forecast, By Product Types

• 6.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  • 6.1.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  • 6.1.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  • 6.1.3 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Price by Types (2015-2020)
• 6.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
  • 6.2.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
  • 6.2.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
• 6.3 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Price and Growth Rate by Types (2015-2020)
  • 6.3.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Automatic
  • 6.3.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Manual
  • 6.3.3 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Quartz
  • 6.3.4 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Others
• 6.4 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Types (2020-2025)
  • 6.4.1 Automatic Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  • 6.4.2 Manual Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  • 6.4.3 Quartz Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  • 6.4.4 Others Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

7 Market Analysis and Forecast, By Applications

• 7.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  • 7.1.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  • 7.1.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
• 7.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)
  • 7.2.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
  • 7.2.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
• 7.3 Global Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate by Applications (2015-2020)
  • 7.3.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Men (2015-2020)
  • 7.3.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Women (2015-2020)
• 7.4 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Applications (2020-2025)
  • 7.4.1 Men Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  • 7.4.2 Women Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

8 Market Analysis and Forecast, By Regions

• 8.1 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
• 8.2 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
• 8.3 Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)

9 North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis

• 9.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
• 9.2 North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 9.3 North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 9.4 North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast
• 9.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market
• 9.6 North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis by Country
  • 9.6.1 U.S. Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 9.6.2 Canada Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 9.6.3 Mexico Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate

10 Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis

• 10.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
• 10.2 Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 10.3 Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 10.4 Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast
• 10.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market
• 10.6 Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis by Country
  • 10.6.1 Germany Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 10.6.2 United Kingdom Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 10.6.3 France Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 10.6.4 Italy Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 10.6.5 Spain Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 10.6.6 Russia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate

11 Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis

• 11.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
• 11.2 Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 11.3 Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 11.4 Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast
• 11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market
• 11.6 Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis by Country
  • 11.6.1 China Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 11.6.2 Japan Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 11.6.3 South Korea Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 11.6.4 Australia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 11.6.5 India Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate

12 South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis

• 12.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
• 12.2 South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 12.3 South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 12.4 South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast
• 12.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market
• 12.6 South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis by Country
  • 12.6.1 Brazil Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 12.6.2 Argentina Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 12.6.3 Columbia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate

13 Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis

• 13.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
• 13.2 Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 13.3 Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
• 13.4 Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast
• 13.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market
• 13.6 Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Analysis by Country
  • 13.6.1 UAE Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 13.6.2 Egypt Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate
  • 13.6.3 South Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate

14 Conclusions and Recommendations

• 14.1 Key Market Findings and Prospects
• 14.2 Advice for Investors

15 Appendix

• 15.1 Methodology
• 15.2 Research Data Source

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025

Table Pre-owned Luxury Watches Key Market Segments

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020

Table SWOT Analysis

Figure Global COVID-19 Status

Figure Supply Chain

Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Pre-owned Luxury Watches

Table Major Players Revenue in 2019

Figure Major Players Revenue Share in 2019

Table LXRandCo Company Profile

Table LXRandCo Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure LXRandCo Production and Growth Rate

Figure LXRandCo Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table REBELLE Company Profile

Table REBELLE Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure REBELLE Production and Growth Rate

Figure REBELLE Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Style Tribute Company Profile

Table Style Tribute Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Style Tribute Production and Growth Rate

Figure Style Tribute Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Vestiaire Collective Company Profile

Table Vestiaire Collective Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Vestiaire Collective Production and Growth Rate

Figure Vestiaire Collective Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Tradesy Company Profile

Table Tradesy Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Tradesy Production and Growth Rate

Figure Tradesy Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table The RealReal, Inc Company Profile

Table The RealReal, Inc Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure The RealReal, Inc Production and Growth Rate

Figure The RealReal, Inc Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table The Luxury Closet Company Profile

Table The Luxury Closet Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure The Luxury Closet Production and Growth Rate

Figure The Luxury Closet Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Collector square Company Profile

Table Collector square Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Collector square Production and Growth Rate

Figure Collector square Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Fashion Phile Company Profile

Table Fashion Phile Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Fashion Phile Production and Growth Rate

Figure Fashion Phile Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Chrono24 GmbH Company Profile

Table Chrono24 GmbH Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

Figure Chrono24 GmbH Production and Growth Rate

Figure Chrono24 GmbH Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales by Types (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales Share by Types (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue ($) by Types (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue Share by Types (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Price ($) by Types (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales by Types (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales Share by Types (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Types (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue Share by Types (2020-2025)

Figure Global Automatic Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Automatic Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Manual Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Manual Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Quartz Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Quartz Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Others Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Others Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Automatic (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Automatic (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Manual (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Manual (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Quartz (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Quartz (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales by Applications (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales Share by Applications (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue ($) by Applications (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue Share by Applications (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales by Applications (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales Share by Applications (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Applications (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue Share by Applications (2020-2025)

Figure Global Men Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Men Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Women Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Global Women Price (2015-2020)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Men (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Men (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Women (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Women (2020-2025)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales by Regions (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Sales Market Share by Regions in 2019

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)

Figure Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales by Regions (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales Share by Regions (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Regions (2020-2025)

Table Global Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue Share by Regions (2020-2025)

Figure North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)

Figure North America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)

Figure North America COVID-19 Status

Figure U.S. Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Canada Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Mexico Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)

Figure Europe Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)

Figure Europe COVID-19 Status

Figure Germany Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure United Kingdom Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure France Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Italy Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Spain Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Russia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)

Figure Asia-Pacific Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)

Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status

Figure China Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Japan Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure South Korea Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Australia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure India Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)

Figure South America Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)

Figure Brazil Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Argentina Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Columbia Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)

Figure Middle East and Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)

Figure UAE Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure Egypt Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Figure South Africa Pre-owned Luxury Watches Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)