Global PEHD Pipe Industry Market Research Report

Global PEHD Pipe Industry Market Research Report

1 PEHD Pipe Introduction and Market Overview

• 1.1 Objectives of the Study
• 1.2 Definition of PEHD Pipe
• 1.3 PEHD Pipe Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
  • 1.3.1 Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis
  • 1.3.2 Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027
• 1.4 Market Segmentation
  • 1.4.1 Types of PEHD Pipe
  • 1.4.2 Applications of PEHD Pipe
  • 1.4.3 Research Regions
    • 1.4.3.1 North America PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.2 Europe PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.3 China PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.4 Japan PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.5 Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.6 India PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
    • 1.4.3.7 South America PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
• 1.5 Market Dynamics
  • 1.5.1 Drivers
    • 1.5.1.1 Emerging Countries of PEHD Pipe
    • 1.5.1.2 Growing Market of PEHD Pipe
  • 1.5.2 Limitations
  • 1.5.3 Opportunities
• 1.6 Industry News and Policies by Regions
  • 1.6.1 Industry News
  • 1.6.2 Industry Policies

2 Industry Chain Analysis

• 2.1 Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of PEHD Pipe Analysis
• 2.2 Major Players of PEHD Pipe
  • 2.2.1 Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share of PEHD Pipe in 2021
  • 2.2.2 Major Players Product Types in 2021
• 2.3 PEHD Pipe Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
  • 2.3.1 Production Process Analysis
  • 2.3.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of PEHD Pipe
  • 2.3.3 Raw Material Cost of PEHD Pipe
  • 2.3.4 Labor Cost of PEHD Pipe
• 2.4 Market Channel Analysis of PEHD Pipe
• 2.5 Major Downstream Buyers of PEHD Pipe Analysis

3 Global PEHD Pipe Market, by Type

• 3.1 Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.2 Global PEHD Pipe Production and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.3 Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate by Type (2017-2022)
• 3.4 Global PEHD Pipe Price Analysis by Type (2017-2022)

4 PEHD Pipe Market, by Application

• 4.1 Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
• 4.2 Downstream Buyers by Application
• 4.3 Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)

5 Global PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

• 5.1 Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.2 Global PEHD Pipe Production and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
• 5.3 Global PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.4 North America PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.5 Europe PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.6 China PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.7 Japan PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.8 Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.9 India PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
• 5.10 South America PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

6 Global PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2017-2022)

• 6.1 Global PEHD Pipe Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
• 6.2 North America PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.3 Europe PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.4 China PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.5 Japan PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.6 Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.7 India PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
• 6.8 South America PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

7 Global PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis by Regions

• 7.1 North America PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.2 Europe PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.3 China PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.4 Japan PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.5 Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.6 India PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis
• 7.7 South America PEHD Pipe Market Status and SWOT Analysis

8 Competitive Landscape

• 8.1 Competitive Profile
• 8.2 ALKATEM ENGINEERING
  • 8.2.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.2.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.2.3 ALKATEM ENGINEERING Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.2.4 ALKATEM ENGINEERING Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.3 GD Environmental Services.
  • 8.3.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.3.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.3.3 GD Environmental Services. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.3.4 GD Environmental Services. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.4 SICA SpA
  • 8.4.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.4.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.4.3 SICA SpA Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.4.4 SICA SpA Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.5 Zeep Construction Co.
  • 8.5.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.5.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.5.3 Zeep Construction Co. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.5.4 Zeep Construction Co. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.6 Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG
  • 8.6.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.6.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.6.3 Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.6.4 Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.7 Duzgunler Plastic.
  • 8.7.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.7.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.7.3 Duzgunler Plastic. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.7.4 Duzgunler Plastic. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.8 Agru America, Inc.
  • 8.8.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.8.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.8.3 Agru America, Inc. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.8.4 Agru America, Inc. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.9 Plastek s.r.l.
  • 8.9.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.9.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.9.3 Plastek s.r.l. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.9.4 Plastek s.r.l. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.10 BBA Pumps North America Inc.
  • 8.10.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.10.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.10.3 BBA Pumps North America Inc. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.10.4 BBA Pumps North America Inc. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021
• 8.11 SC TehnoWorld SRL.
  • 8.11.1 Company Profiles
  • 8.11.2 PEHD Pipe Product Introduction
  • 8.11.3 SC TehnoWorld SRL. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022
  • 8.11.4 SC TehnoWorld SRL. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

9 Global PEHD Pipe Market Analysis and Forecast by Type and Application

• 9.1 Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Type (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.1 PE 63 Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.2 PE 80 Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.1.3 PE 100 Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
• 9.2 Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) & Volume Forecast, by Application (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.1 Oil & Gas Pipe Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.2 Agricultural Irrigation Pipe Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.3 Water Supply Pipe Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.4 Sewage System Pipe Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
  • 9.2.5 Others Market Value ($) and Volume Forecast (2022-2027)

10 PEHD Pipe Market Analysis and Forecast by Region

• 10.1 North America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.2 Europe Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.3 China Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.4 Japan Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.5 Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.6 India Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)
• 10.7 South America Market Value ($) and Consumption Forecast (2022-2027)

11 New Project Feasibility Analysis

• 11.1 Industry Barriers and New Entrants SWOT Analysis
• 11.2 Analysis and Suggestions on New Project Investment

12 Research Finding and Conclusion

13 Appendix

• 13.1 Discussion Guide
• 13.2 Knowledge Store: Maia Subscription Portal
• 13.3 Research Data Source
• 13.4 Research Assumptions and Acronyms Used

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Product Picture of PEHD Pipe

Table Product Specification of PEHD Pipe

Figure Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of PEHD Pipe

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate from 2017-2027

Table Different Types of PEHD Pipe

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Segment by Type from 2017-2022

Figure PE 63 Picture

Figure PE 80 Picture

Figure PE 100 Picture

Table Different Applications of PEHD Pipe

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2017-2022

Figure Oil & Gas Pipe Picture

Figure Agricultural Irrigation Pipe Picture

Figure Water Supply Pipe Picture

Figure Sewage System Pipe Picture

Figure Others Picture

Table Research Regions of PEHD Pipe

Figure North America PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Figure Europe PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table China PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Japan PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table India PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table South America PEHD Pipe Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)

Table Emerging Countries of PEHD Pipe

Table Growing Market of PEHD Pipe

Figure Industry Chain Analysis of PEHD Pipe

Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of PEHD Pipe with Contact Information

Table Major Players Manufacturing Base and Market Share ($) of PEHD Pipe in 2021

Table Major Players PEHD Pipe Product Types in 2021

Figure Production Process of PEHD Pipe

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of PEHD Pipe

Figure Channel Status of PEHD Pipe

Table Major Distributors of PEHD Pipe with Contact Information

Table Major Downstream Buyers of PEHD Pipe with Contact Information

Table Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Production by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Production Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate of PE 63

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate of PE 80

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) and Growth Rate of PE 100

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Price by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Consumption by Application (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table Downstream Buyers Introduction by Application

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Oil & Gas Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Agricultural Irrigation Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Water Supply Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Sewage System Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Value ($) Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Production by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Production Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table North America PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Europe PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table China PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Japan PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table India PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table South America PEHD Pipe Production, Value ($), Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

Table Global PEHD Pipe Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Table North America PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Europe PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table China PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Japan PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table India PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Table South America PEHD Pipe Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

Figure North America PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure North America PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure Europe PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Europe PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure China PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure China PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure Japan PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Japan PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure Middle East & Africa PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure India PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure India PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure South America PEHD Pipe Production and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate Analysis

Figure South America PEHD Pipe SWOT Analysis

Figure Top 3 Market Share of PEHD Pipe Companies

Figure Top 6 Market Share of PEHD Pipe Companies

Table Mergers, Acquisitions and Expansion Analysis

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table ALKATEM ENGINEERING Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure ALKATEM ENGINEERING Production and Growth Rate

Figure ALKATEM ENGINEERING Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure ALKATEM ENGINEERING Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table GD Environmental Services. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure GD Environmental Services. Production and Growth Rate

Figure GD Environmental Services. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure GD Environmental Services. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table SICA SpA Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure SICA SpA Production and Growth Rate

Figure SICA SpA Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure SICA SpA Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Zeep Construction Co. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Zeep Construction Co. Production and Growth Rate

Figure Zeep Construction Co. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Zeep Construction Co. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Production and Growth Rate

Figure Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Duzgunler Plastic. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Duzgunler Plastic. Production and Growth Rate

Figure Duzgunler Plastic. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Duzgunler Plastic. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Agru America, Inc. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Agru America, Inc. Production and Growth Rate

Figure Agru America, Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Agru America, Inc. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table Plastek s.r.l. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure Plastek s.r.l. Production and Growth Rate

Figure Plastek s.r.l. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure Plastek s.r.l. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table BBA Pumps North America Inc. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure BBA Pumps North America Inc. Production and Growth Rate

Figure BBA Pumps North America Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure BBA Pumps North America Inc. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Company Profiles

Table Product Introduction

Table SC TehnoWorld SRL. Production, Value ($), Price, Gross Margin 2017-2022

Figure SC TehnoWorld SRL. Production and Growth Rate

Figure SC TehnoWorld SRL. Value ($) Market Share 2017-2022

Figure SC TehnoWorld SRL. Market Share of PEHD Pipe Segmented by Region in 2021

Table Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) Forecast, by Type

Table Global PEHD Pipe Market Volume Forecast, by Type

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 63 (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 63 (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 80 (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 80 (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 100 (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of PE 100 (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Value ($) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Table Global Market Volume Forecast by Application (2022-2027)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Oil & Gas Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Agricultural Irrigation Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Water Supply Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Sewage System Pipe (2017-2022)

Figure Global PEHD Pipe Consumption and Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022)

Figure Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2022-2027)

Figure Market Volume and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2022-2027)

Figure North America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table North America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Europe Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Europe Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure China Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table China Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Japan Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Japan Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Middle East & Africa Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table Middle East & Africa Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure India Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table India Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure South America Market Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Table South America Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)

Figure Industry Resource/Technology/Labor Importance Analysis

Table New Entrants SWOT Analysis

Table New Project Analysis of Investment Recovery