Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market 2023 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2029
1 Market Overview
- 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Vehicle Motor Test Bench
- 1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
- 1.3 Market Analysis by Type
- 1.3.1 Overview: Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
- 1.3.2 Automatic Test Bench
- 1.3.3 Manual Test Bench
- 1.4 Market Analysis by Application
- 1.4.1 Overview: Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
- 1.4.2 Passenger Vehicle
- 1.4.3 Commercial Vehicle
- 1.5 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size & Forecast
- 1.5.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
- 1.5.2 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
- 1.5.3 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
- 2.1 Dyno Equip
- 2.1.1 Dyno Equip Details
- 2.1.2 Dyno Equip Major Business
- 2.1.3 Dyno Equip Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.1.4 Dyno Equip Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.1.5 Dyno Equip Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.2 Imx Solutions GmbH
- 2.2.1 Imx Solutions GmbH Details
- 2.2.2 Imx Solutions GmbH Major Business
- 2.2.3 Imx Solutions GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.2.4 Imx Solutions GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.2.5 Imx Solutions GmbH Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.3 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH
- 2.3.1 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH Details
- 2.3.2 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH Major Business
- 2.3.3 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.3.4 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.3.5 GÖPEL Electronic GmbH Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.4 Horiba
- 2.4.1 Horiba Details
- 2.4.2 Horiba Major Business
- 2.4.3 Horiba Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.4.4 Horiba Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.4.5 Horiba Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.5 Kratzer Automation
- 2.5.1 Kratzer Automation Details
- 2.5.2 Kratzer Automation Major Business
- 2.5.3 Kratzer Automation Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.5.4 Kratzer Automation Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.5.5 Kratzer Automation Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.6 MEA Testing Systems
- 2.6.1 MEA Testing Systems Details
- 2.6.2 MEA Testing Systems Major Business
- 2.6.3 MEA Testing Systems Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.6.4 MEA Testing Systems Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.6.5 MEA Testing Systems Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.7 Logitech Automazione
- 2.7.1 Logitech Automazione Details
- 2.7.2 Logitech Automazione Major Business
- 2.7.3 Logitech Automazione Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.7.4 Logitech Automazione Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.7.5 Logitech Automazione Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.8 MAGTROL
- 2.8.1 MAGTROL Details
- 2.8.2 MAGTROL Major Business
- 2.8.3 MAGTROL Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.8.4 MAGTROL Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.8.5 MAGTROL Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.9 Ucelay Ingenieros
- 2.9.1 Ucelay Ingenieros Details
- 2.9.2 Ucelay Ingenieros Major Business
- 2.9.3 Ucelay Ingenieros Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.9.4 Ucelay Ingenieros Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.9.5 Ucelay Ingenieros Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.10 Phenix Technologies
- 2.10.1 Phenix Technologies Details
- 2.10.2 Phenix Technologies Major Business
- 2.10.3 Phenix Technologies Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.10.4 Phenix Technologies Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.10.5 Phenix Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.11 DAM Group
- 2.11.1 DAM Group Details
- 2.11.2 DAM Group Major Business
- 2.11.3 DAM Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.11.4 DAM Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.11.5 DAM Group Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.12 BCSA Gear
- 2.12.1 BCSA Gear Details
- 2.12.2 BCSA Gear Major Business
- 2.12.3 BCSA Gear Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.12.4 BCSA Gear Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.12.5 BCSA Gear Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.13 Dynosens
- 2.13.1 Dynosens Details
- 2.13.2 Dynosens Major Business
- 2.13.3 Dynosens Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.13.4 Dynosens Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.13.5 Dynosens Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.14 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology
- 2.14.1 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology Details
- 2.14.2 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology Major Business
- 2.14.3 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.14.4 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.14.5 Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.15 Emitech Group
- 2.15.1 Emitech Group Details
- 2.15.2 Emitech Group Major Business
- 2.15.3 Emitech Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.15.4 Emitech Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.15.5 Emitech Group Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.16 ATESTEO GmbH
- 2.16.1 ATESTEO GmbH Details
- 2.16.2 ATESTEO GmbH Major Business
- 2.16.3 ATESTEO GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.16.4 ATESTEO GmbH Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.16.5 ATESTEO GmbH Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.17 Atestman
- 2.17.1 Atestman Details
- 2.17.2 Atestman Major Business
- 2.17.3 Atestman Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.17.4 Atestman Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.17.5 Atestman Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.18 IAE Group
- 2.18.1 IAE Group Details
- 2.18.2 IAE Group Major Business
- 2.18.3 IAE Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.18.4 IAE Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.18.5 IAE Group Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.19 SAJ
- 2.19.1 SAJ Details
- 2.19.2 SAJ Major Business
- 2.19.3 SAJ Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.19.4 SAJ Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.19.5 SAJ Recent Developments/Updates
- 2.20 Kistler Group
- 2.20.1 Kistler Group Details
- 2.20.2 Kistler Group Major Business
- 2.20.3 Kistler Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Product and Services
- 2.20.4 Kistler Group Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
- 2.20.5 Kistler Group Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: Vehicle Motor Test Bench by Manufacturer
- 3.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
- 3.2 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
- 3.3 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
- 3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
- 3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Vehicle Motor Test Bench by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
- 3.4.2 Top 3 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
- 3.4.2 Top 6 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
- 3.5 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
- 3.5.1 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market: Region Footprint
- 3.5.2 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market: Company Product Type Footprint
- 3.5.3 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market: Company Product Application Footprint
- 3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
- 3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
- 4.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Region
- 4.1.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
- 4.1.2 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
- 4.1.3 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
- 4.2 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018-2029)
- 4.3 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018-2029)
- 4.4 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018-2029)
- 4.5 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018-2029)
- 4.6 Middle East and Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
- 5.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 5.2 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
- 5.3 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
- 6.1 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 6.2 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
- 6.3 Global Vehicle Motor Test Bench Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
- 7.1 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 7.2 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 7.3 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Country
- 7.3.1 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
- 7.3.2 North America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
- 7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
- 8.1 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 8.2 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 8.3 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Country
- 8.3.1 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
- 8.3.2 Europe Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
- 8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
- 9.1 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 9.2 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 9.3 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Region
- 9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
- 9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
- 9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
- 10.1 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 10.2 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 10.3 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Country
- 10.3.1 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
- 10.3.2 South America Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
- 10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
- 11.1 Middle East & Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
- 11.2 Middle East & Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
- 11.3 Middle East & Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Size by Country
- 11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
- 11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Vehicle Motor Test Bench Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
- 11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
- 11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
- 12.1 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Drivers
- 12.2 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Market Restraints
- 12.3 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Trends Analysis
- 12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
- 12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
- 12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
- 12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
- 12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
- 12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
- 13.1 Raw Material of Vehicle Motor Test Bench and Key Manufacturers
- 13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Vehicle Motor Test Bench
- 13.3 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Production Process
- 13.4 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
- 14.1 Sales Channel
- 14.1.1 Direct to End-User
- 14.1.2 Distributors
- 14.2 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Typical Distributors
- 14.3 Vehicle Motor Test Bench Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
- 16.1 Methodology
- 16.2 Research Process and Data Source
According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, the global Vehicle Motor Test Bench market size was valued at USD million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD million by 2029 with a CAGR of % during review period.
A vehicle motor test bench, also known as a dynamometer or dyno, is a powerful tool used to evaluate the performance of electric motors and their associated components. It simulates real-world driving conditions, enabling engineers to test and optimize motor efficiency, power output, torque, and other critical parameters under controlled conditions.
The global vehicle motor test bench market growth is driven by several factors, including:
Rising demand for electric vehicles (EVs): The increasing adoption of EVs is driving the need for advanced motor testing and evaluation tools, such as vehicle motor test benches.
Advancements in electric motor technology: The rapid advancements in electric motor technology, such as high-power density and high-efficiency motors, are creating a demand for more sophisticated test benches to evaluate their performance.
Stringent emission regulations: Governments worldwide are implementing stricter emission regulations to reduce air pollution, leading to the development of more efficient and cleaner electric motors, which require comprehensive testing.
Focus on research and development: Automotive manufacturers and research institutions are investing heavily in research and development of new motor technologies, necessitating advanced test benches for evaluation and optimization.
Growing demand for in-house testing: Automotive companies are increasingly setting up in-house testing facilities to gain greater control over the development and validation of electric motors.
The global vehicle motor test bench market is expected to continue to grow in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for EVs, advancements in electric motor technology, stringent emission regulations, focus on research and development, and growing demand for in-house testing. Vehicle motor test benches will play a crucial role in accelerating the development of high-performance, efficient, and reliable electric motors, paving the way for a more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation future.
Overall, the vehicle motor test bench market is a promising and dynamic market with strong growth potential. Manufacturers that can develop innovative products, provide excellent customer service, and effectively target key market segments are well-positioned for success in this market.
The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Vehicle Motor Test Bench industry chain, the market status of Passenger Vehicle (Automatic Test Bench, Manual Test Bench), Commercial Vehicle (Automatic Test Bench, Manual Test Bench), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Vehicle Motor Test Bench.
Regionally, the report analyzes the Vehicle Motor Test Bench markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Vehicle Motor Test Bench market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base.
Key Features:
The report presents comprehensive understanding of the Vehicle Motor Test Bench market. It provides a holistic view of the industry, as well as detailed insights into individual components and stakeholders. The report analysis market dynamics, trends, challenges, and opportunities within the Vehicle Motor Test Bench industry.
The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level:
Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the sales quantity (K Units), revenue generated, and market share of different by Type (e.g., Automatic Test Bench, Manual Test Bench).
Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Vehicle Motor Test Bench market.
Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Vehicle Motor Test Bench market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets.
Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Vehicle Motor Test Bench market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends.
The report also involves a more granular approach to Vehicle Motor Test Bench:
Company Analysis: Report covers individual Vehicle Motor Test Bench manufacturers, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies.
Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Vehicle Motor Test Bench This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application (Passenger Vehicle, Commercial Vehicle).
Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Vehicle Motor Test Bench. It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Vehicle Motor Test Bench areas.
Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Vehicle Motor Test Bench market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players.
Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.
Market Segmentation
Vehicle Motor Test Bench market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2018-2029, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of volume and value.
Market segment by Type
Automatic Test Bench
Manual Test Bench
Market segment by Application
Passenger Vehicle
Commercial Vehicle
Major players covered
Dyno Equip
Imx Solutions GmbH
GÖPEL Electronic GmbH
Horiba
Kratzer Automation
MEA Testing Systems
Logitech Automazione
MAGTROL
Ucelay Ingenieros
Phenix Technologies
DAM Group
BCSA Gear
Dynosens
Jiangsu Lanmec Electromechanical Technology
Emitech Group
ATESTEO GmbH
Atestman
IAE Group
SAJ
Kistler Group
Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe Vehicle Motor Test Bench product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Vehicle Motor Test Bench, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Vehicle Motor Test Bench from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Vehicle Motor Test Bench competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Vehicle Motor Test Bench breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Vehicle Motor Test Bench market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends and Porters Five Forces analysis.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Vehicle Motor Test Bench.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Vehicle Motor Test Bench sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.