Global Green Coatings Market Report 2019 - History, Present and Future
Table of Content
Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
- 3.1 Research Scope
- 3.2 Research Methodology
- 3.2.1 Primary Sources
- 3.2.2 Secondary Sources
- 3.2.3 Assumptions
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
- 4.1 Market Overview
- 4.2 Classification/Types
- 4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Drivers
- 5.3 Restraints
- 5.4 Opportunities
- 5.5 Threats
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
- 6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
- 6.2 Green Coatings Analysis
- 6.2.1 Technology Analysis
- 6.2.2 Cost Analysis
- 6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
- 6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
- 7.1 Latest News
- 7.2 Merger and Acquisition
- 7.3 Planned/Future Project
- 7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
- 8.1 Export of Green Coatings by Region
- 8.2 Import of Green Coatings by Region
- 8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Current Green Coatings in North America (2013-2018)
- 9.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 9.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 9.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 9.5.1 US
- 9.5.2 Canada
- 9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Current Green Coatings in South America (2013-2018)
- 10.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 10.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 10.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 10.5.1 Brazil
- 10.5.2 Argentina
- 10.5.3 Chile
- 10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Current Green Coatings in Asia & Pacific (2013-2018)
- 11.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 11.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 11.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 11.5.1 China
- 11.5.2 India
- 11.5.3 Japan
- 11.5.4 South Korea
- 11.5.5 ASEAN
- 11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Current Green Coatings in Europe (2013-2018)
- 12.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 12.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 12.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 12.5.1 Germany
- 12.5.2 France
- 12.5.3 UK
- 12.5.4 Italy
- 12.5.5 Spain
- 12.5.6 Belgium
- 12.5.7 Netherlands
- 12.5.8 Austria
- 12.5.9 Poland
- 12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Current Green Coatings in MEA (2013-2018)
- 13.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 13.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 13.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 13.5.1 Egypt
- 13.5.2 Iran
- 13.5.3 Israel
- 13.5.4 South Africa
- 13.5.5 GCC
- 13.5.6 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary for Global Green Coatings (2013-2018)
- 14.1 Green Coatings Supply
- 14.2 Green Coatings Demand by End Use
- 14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Green Coatings Forecast (2019-2023)
- 15.1 Green Coatings Supply Forecast
- 15.2 Green Coatings Demand Forecast
- 15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
- 16.1 AKZONOBEL NV
- 16.1.1 Company Profile
- 16.1.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of AKZONOBEL NV
- 16.1.4 AKZONOBEL NV Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.2 ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED
- 16.2.1 Company Profile
- 16.2.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED
- 16.2.4 ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.3 AXALTA COATING SYSTEM
- 16.3.1 Company Profile
- 16.3.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of AXALTA COATING SYSTEM
- 16.3.4 AXALTA COATING SYSTEM Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.4 BASF SE
- 16.4.1 Company Profile
- 16.4.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of BASF SE
- 16.4.4 BASF SE Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.5 BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED
- 16.5.1 Company Profile
- 16.5.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED
- 16.5.4 BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.6 DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW)
- 16.6.1 Company Profile
- 16.6.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW)
- 16.6.4 DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW) Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.7 HEMPEL A/S
- 16.7.1 Company Profile
- 16.7.2 Main Business and Green Coatings Information
- 16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of HEMPEL A/S
- 16.7.4 HEMPEL A/S Green Coatings Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
......
......
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Green Coatings Report
Table Primary Sources of Green Coatings Report
Table Secondary Sources of Green Coatings Report
Table Major Assumptions of Green Coatings Report
Figure Green Coatings Picture
Table Green Coatings Classification
Table Green Coatings Applications List
Table Drivers of Green Coatings Market
Table Restraints of Green Coatings Market
Table Opportunities of Green Coatings Market
Table Threats of Green Coatings Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Green Coatings
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Green Coatings
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Green Coatings Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Green Coatings Market
Table Policy of Green Coatings Market
Table 2014-2024 Regional Export of Green Coatings
Table 2014-2024 Regional Import of Green Coatings
Table 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2014-2024 North America Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 North America Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 North America Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 North America Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 North America Green Coatings Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 North America Green Coatings Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 North America Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 North America Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 US Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 US Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South America Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 South America Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 South America Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 South America Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 South America Green Coatings Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 South America Green Coatings Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 South America Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 South America Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Brazil Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Brazil Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 China Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 China Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Green Coatings Import (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Green Coatings Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Europe Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Europe Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Europe Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Europe Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Europe Green Coatings Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Europe Green Coatings Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Europe Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Europe Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Germany Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Germany Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 MEA Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 MEA Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 MEA Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 MEA Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 MEA Green Coatings Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 MEA Green Coatings Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 MEA Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 MEA Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Egypt Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Egypt Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey Green Coatings Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Global Green Coatings Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Regional Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Global Green Coatings Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Regional Green Coatings Price (USD/Ton) List
Table AKZONOBEL NV Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of AKZONOBEL NV
Table 2014-2019 AKZONOBEL NV Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 AKZONOBEL NV Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 AKZONOBEL NV Green Coatings Market Share
Table ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED
Table 2014-2019 ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED Green Coatings Market Share
Table AXALTA COATING SYSTEM Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of AXALTA COATING SYSTEM
Table 2014-2019 AXALTA COATING SYSTEM Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 AXALTA COATING SYSTEM Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 AXALTA COATING SYSTEM Green Coatings Market Share
Table BASF SE Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of BASF SE
Table 2014-2019 BASF SE Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 BASF SE Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 BASF SE Green Coatings Market Share
Table BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED
Table 2014-2019 BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED Green Coatings Market Share
Table DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW) Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW)
Table 2014-2019 DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW) Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW) Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW) Green Coatings Market Share
Table HEMPEL A/S Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of HEMPEL A/S
Table 2014-2019 HEMPEL A/S Green Coatings Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 HEMPEL A/S Green Coatings Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 HEMPEL A/S Green Coatings Market Share
......
......
The global market size of Green Coatings is $XX million in 2018 with XX CAGR from 2014 to 2018, and it is expected to reach $XX million by the end of 2024 with a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024.
Global Green Coatings Market Report 2019 - Market Size, Share, Price, Trend and Forecast is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Green Coatings industry. The key insights of the report:
1.The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Green Coatings manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry.
2.The report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology.
3.The report presents the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and 2013-2018 market shares for key vendors.
4.The total market is further divided by company, by country, and by application/type for the competitive landscape analysis.
5.The report estimates 2019-2024 market development trends of Green Coatings industry.
6.Analysis of upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics is also carried out
7.The report makes some important proposals for a new project of Green Coatings Industry before evaluating its feasibility.
There are 4 key segments covered in this report: competitor segment, product type segment, end use/application segment and geography segment.
For competitor segment, the report includes global key players of Green Coatings as well as some small players. At least 10 companies are included:
* AKZONOBEL NV
* ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED
* AXALTA COATING SYSTEM
* BASF SE
* BERGER PAINTS INDIA LIMITED
* DEUTSCHE AMPHIBOLIN WORKS SE (DAW)
For complete companies list, please ask for sample pages.
The information for each competitor includes:
* Company Profile
* Main Business Information
* SWOT Analysis
* Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
* Market Share
For product type segment, this report listed main product type of Green Coatings market
* Water-Based Paint
* Powder Coating
* High Solid Paint
* Radiation Hardened Paint
For end use/application segment, this report focuses on the status and outlook for key applications. End users sre also listed.
* Application I
* Application II
* Application III
For geography segment, regional supply, application-wise and type-wise demand, major players, price is presented from 2013 to 2023. This report covers following regions:
* North America
* South America
* Asia & Pacific
* Europe
* MEA (Middle East and Africa)
The key countries in each region are taken into consideration as well, such as United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.
Reasons to Purchase this Report:
* Analyzing the outlook of the market with the recent trends and SWOT analysis
* Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
* Market segmentation analysis including qualitative and quantitative research incorporating the impact of economic and non-economic aspects
* Regional and country level analysis integrating the demand and supply forces that are influencing the growth of the market.
* Market value (USD Million) and volume (Units Million) data for each segment and sub-segment
* Competitive landscape involving the market share of major players, along with the new projects and strategies adopted by players in the past five years
* Comprehensive company profiles covering the product offerings, key financial information, recent developments, SWOT analysis, and strategies employed by the major market players
* 1-year analyst support, along with the data support in excel format.
We also can offer customized report to fulfill special requirements of our clients. Regional and Countries report can be provided as well.