Southeast Asia Bending Press Machine Market Report (2014-2024) - Market Size, Share, Price, Trend and Forecast
Table of Content
Table of Content
Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
- 3.1 Research Scope
- 3.2 Research Methodology
- 3.2.1 Primary Sources
- 3.2.2 Secondary Sources
- 3.2.3 Assumptions
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
- 4.1 Market Overview
- 4.2 Classification/Types
- 4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Drivers
- 5.3 Restraints
- 5.4 Opportunities
- 5.5 Threats
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
- 6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
- 6.2 Bending Press Machine Analysis
- 6.2.1 Technology Analysis
- 6.2.2 Cost Analysis
- 6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
- 6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
- 7.1 Latest News
- 7.2 Merger and Acquisition
- 7.3 Planned/Future Project
- 7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
- 8.1 Export of Bending Press Machine by Region
- 8.2 Import of Bending Press Machine by Region
- 8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Current Bending Press Machine in North America (2013-2018)
- 9.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 9.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 9.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 9.5.1 US
- 9.5.2 Canada
- 9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Current Bending Press Machine in South America (2013-2018)
- 10.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 10.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 10.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 10.5.1 Brazil
- 10.5.2 Argentina
- 10.5.3 Chile
- 10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Current Bending Press Machine in Asia & Pacific (2013-2018)
- 11.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 11.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 11.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 11.5.1 China
- 11.5.2 India
- 11.5.3 Japan
- 11.5.4 South Korea
- 11.5.5 ASEAN
- 11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Current Bending Press Machine in Europe (2013-2018)
- 12.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 12.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 12.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 12.5.1 Germany
- 12.5.2 France
- 12.5.3 UK
- 12.5.4 Italy
- 12.5.5 Spain
- 12.5.6 Belgium
- 12.5.7 Netherlands
- 12.5.8 Austria
- 12.5.9 Poland
- 12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Current Bending Press Machine in MEA (2013-2018)
- 13.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 13.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
- 13.5 Key Countries Analysis
- 13.5.1 Egypt
- 13.5.2 Iran
- 13.5.3 Israel
- 13.5.4 South Africa
- 13.5.5 GCC
- 13.5.6 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary for Global Bending Press Machine (2013-2018)
- 14.1 Bending Press Machine Supply
- 14.2 Bending Press Machine Demand by End Use
- 14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Bending Press Machine Forecast (2019-2023)
- 15.1 Bending Press Machine Supply Forecast
- 15.2 Bending Press Machine Demand Forecast
- 15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
- 15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
- 16.1 AMADA
- 16.1.1 Company Profile
- 16.1.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of AMADA
- 16.1.4 AMADA Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.2 Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry
- 16.2.1 Company Profile
- 16.2.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry
- 16.2.4 Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.3 Bystronic
- 16.3.1 Company Profile
- 16.3.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Bystronic
- 16.3.4 Bystronic Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.4 Schuler
- 16.4.1 Company Profile
- 16.4.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of Schuler
- 16.4.4 Schuler Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.5 TRUMPF
- 16.5.1 Company Profile
- 16.5.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of TRUMPF
- 16.5.4 TRUMPF Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.6 Accurl
- 16.6.1 Company Profile
- 16.6.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of Accurl
- 16.6.4 Accurl Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
- 16.7 Ajax CECO
- 16.7.1 Company Profile
- 16.7.2 Main Business and Bending Press Machine Information
- 16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of Ajax CECO
- 16.7.4 Ajax CECO Bending Press Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
......
......
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Bending Press Machine Report
Table Primary Sources of Bending Press Machine Report
Table Secondary Sources of Bending Press Machine Report
Table Major Assumptions of Bending Press Machine Report
Figure Bending Press Machine Picture
Table Bending Press Machine Classification
Table Bending Press Machine Applications List
Table Drivers of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Restraints of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Opportunities of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Threats of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Bending Press Machine
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Bending Press Machine
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Bending Press Machine Market
Table Policy of Bending Press Machine Market
Table 2014-2024 Regional Export of Bending Press Machine
Table 2014-2024 Regional Import of Bending Press Machine
Table 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2014-2024 North America Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 North America Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 North America Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 North America Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 North America Bending Press Machine Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 North America Bending Press Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 North America Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 North America Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 US Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 US Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South America Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 South America Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 South America Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 South America Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 South America Bending Press Machine Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 South America Bending Press Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 South America Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 South America Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Brazil Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Brazil Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 China Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 China Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Bending Press Machine Import (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN Bending Press Machine Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Europe Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Europe Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Europe Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Europe Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Europe Bending Press Machine Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Europe Bending Press Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Europe Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Europe Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Germany Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Germany Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 MEA Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 MEA Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 MEA Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 MEA Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 MEA Bending Press Machine Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 MEA Bending Press Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 MEA Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 MEA Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Egypt Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Egypt Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey Bending Press Machine Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Global Bending Press Machine Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Regional Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Global Bending Press Machine Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Regional Bending Press Machine Price (USD/Ton) List
Table AMADA Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of AMADA
Table 2014-2019 AMADA Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 AMADA Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 AMADA Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry
Table 2014-2019 Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table Bystronic Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Bystronic
Table 2014-2019 Bystronic Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Bystronic Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Bystronic Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table Schuler Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Schuler
Table 2014-2019 Schuler Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Schuler Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Schuler Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table TRUMPF Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of TRUMPF
Table 2014-2019 TRUMPF Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 TRUMPF Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 TRUMPF Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table Accurl Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Accurl
Table 2014-2019 Accurl Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Accurl Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Accurl Bending Press Machine Market Share
Table Ajax CECO Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Ajax CECO
Table 2014-2019 Ajax CECO Bending Press Machine Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Ajax CECO Bending Press Machine Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Ajax CECO Bending Press Machine Market Share
......
......
Description
The global market size of Bending Press Machine is $XX million in 2018 with XX CAGR from 2014 to 2018, and it is expected to reach $XX million by the end of 2024 with a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024.
Global Bending Press Machine Market Report 2019 - Market Size, Share, Price, Trend and Forecast is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Bending Press Machine industry. The key insights of the report:
1.The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Bending Press Machine manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry.
2.The report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology.
3.The report presents the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and 2013-2018 market shares for key vendors.
4.The total market is further divided by company, by country, and by application/type for the competitive landscape analysis.
5.The report estimates 2019-2024 market development trends of Bending Press Machine industry.
6.Analysis of upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics is also carried out
7.The report makes some important proposals for a new project of Bending Press Machine Industry before evaluating its feasibility.
There are 4 key segments covered in this report: competitor segment, product type segment, end use/application segment and geography segment.
For competitor segment, the report includes global key players of Bending Press Machine as well as some small players. At least 15 companies are included:
* AMADA
* Anyang Forging Press Machinery Industry
* Bystronic
* Schuler
* TRUMPF
* Accurl
For complete companies list, please ask for sample pages.
The information for each competitor includes:
* Company Profile
* Main Business Information
* SWOT Analysis
* Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
* Market Share
For product type segment, this report listed main product type of Bending Press Machine market
* Hydraulic Press Machine
* Pneumatic Press Machine
* Electric Press Machine
* Other
For end use/application segment, this report focuses on the status and outlook for key applications. End users are also listed.
* Automobile Industry
* Space
* Equipment Manufacturing Industry
* Other
For geography segment, regional supply, application-wise and type-wise demand, major players, price is presented from 2013 to 2023. This report covers following regions:
* North America
* South America
* Asia & Pacific
* Europe
* MEA (Middle East and Africa)
The key countries in each region are taken into consideration as well, such as United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.
Reasons to Purchase this Report:
* Analyzing the outlook of the market with the recent trends and SWOT analysis
* Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
* Market segmentation analysis including qualitative and quantitative research incorporating the impact of economic and non-economic aspects
* Regional and country level analysis integrating the demand and supply forces that are influencing the growth of the market.
* Market value (USD Million) and volume (Units Million) data for each segment and sub-segment
* Competitive landscape involving the market share of major players, along with the new projects and strategies adopted by players in the past five years
* Comprehensive company profiles covering the product offerings, key financial information, recent developments, SWOT analysis, and strategies employed by the major market players
* 1-year analyst support, along with the data support in excel format.
We also can offer customized report to fulfill special requirements of our clients. Regional and Countries report can be provided as well.